Using a Bag Valve Mask for Effective Ventilation

1. Introduction

The Importance of Ventilation in Resuscitation

• Complementing CPR: Ventilation complements CPR by providing essential external oxygen to the patient.
• Continuous Oxygen Supply: Maintaining a constant oxygen supply is crucial for positive outcomes.

2. Bag Valve Mask (BVM) Overview

Understanding the Bag Valve Mask Components

• Components: The BVM consists of a bag, valve, and mask for oxygen delivery.
• Oxygen Supply: Oxygen is supplied through a connection from either a piped-in system or an oxygen cylinder.
• Process Flow: Oxygen fills the bag, passes through the valve, and is delivered via the mask to the patient.

3. Proper BVM Usage

Effective Techniques for Bag Valve Mask Application

• Mask Orientation: Ensure the mask's narrow end aligns with the patient's nose, while the wider end covers both mouth and nose.
• Anaesthetist's Grip: Adopt the anaesthetist's grip by holding the mask with your thumb at the pointed end and your forefinger at the bottom.
• Airway Management: Use the three free fingers to lift the patient's chin, open the airway, and maintain proper alignment.
• Effective Squeezing: Apply gentle pressure to the bag for one to one and a half seconds per breath to ensure easy airflow without resistance.
• Monitoring for Issues: Be alert for signs of airway obstruction, indicated by difficulty in bag compression, gurgling sounds, or resistance.
• Minimal Breaths: Administer only two breaths within your CPR rotation; prioritize chest compressions as they are vital for maintaining blood circulation.
• Oxygen Safety: Remember that oxygen is combustible; exercise caution by removing it from the vicinity during defibrillation to prevent potential sparks.